The narrative approach is based on the idea that the stories people live by are not a mirror of a person’s life but are actually shaping of people’s real experiences. The spontaneous intervention of a campaign video containing a counter-viewing narrative telling about a current or future fulfilling life as opposed to past negative life experiences can deliver a message of hope.
As for Snyder’s hope concept, more research is needed to develop a model for cases when learned helplessness is visible.
Indeed the It Gets Better movement shook systems; familial, religious, political, legislative, medical, educational, and mental health. Yet, in 2019 as the suicide rates remain high and continue to grow, taking the lives of kids, hope is urgently and desperately sought in this field of gender diversity.
___________
Reference
Bjorøy, A., Madigan, S., & Nylund, D. (2015). Narrative Therapy. The Beginner’s Guide to Counselling & Psychotherapy, 335. Retrieved from: http://therapeuticconversations.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/The-practice-of-therape utic-letter-writing-in-narrative-therapy.pdf
Bowlby J. (1969). Attachment and Loss: Volume I. Attachment. NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Volume II. Separation: Anxiety and Anger. NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby J. (1980). Attachment and Loss: Volume III: Loss: Sadness and Depression. NY: Basic Books.
Dutton, M. (1998). Cultural issues in trauma treatment. Centering, 3 (2), 1-2. Retrieved from: http://www.drchriscourtois.com/images/article_cultural_issues.pdf
Hiroto, D. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Generality of learned helplessness in man. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 311-327.
Maier, S. F., & Seligman, M. E. (1976). Learned helplessness: theory and evidence. Journal of experimental psychology: general, 105(1), 3.
Meyer, I. H., & Dean, L. (1998). Internalized homophobia, intimacy, and sexual behavior among gay and bisexual men. Psychological perspectives on lesbian and gay issues, 4, 160-186.
Madigan, S. (2007). Anticipating hope within written and naming domains of despair. In: C., Flaskas, I., McCarthy, & J. Sheehan, (Eds.). Hope and despair in narrative and family therapy: Adversity, forgiveness and reconciliation. Pp. 100-112. Routledge. Retrieved from: http://tasnimnoor.com/Portals/0/Leisure/Hope%20and%20Despair%20in%20Narr ative%20and%20Family%20Therapy.pdf
Madigan, S. (2011) Narrative Therapy: Theory and Practice. Chicago, IL: The American Psychological Association (211 pages).
Menzies, P. (2010). Intergenerational trauma from a mental health perspective. Native Social Work Journal. (7) 63-85. Toronto, Ontario. Retrieved from: https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/bitstream/10219/384/1/NSWJ-V7-art3-p63-85.PD F
